My love and hate relationship with Node.js

post, Mar 30, 2020, on Mitja Felicijan's blog

Previous project I was working on was being coded in Golang. Also was my first project using it. And damn, that was an awesome experience. The whole thing is just superb. From how errors are handled. The C-like way you handle compiling. The way the language is structured making it incredibly versatile and easy to learn.

It may cause some pain for somebody that is not used of using interfaces to map JSON and doing the recompilation all the time. But we have tools like entr and make to fix that.

But we are not here to talk about my undying love for Golang. Only in some way we probably should. It is an excellent example of how modern language should be designed. And because I have used it extensively in the last couple of years this probably taints my views of other languages. And is doing me a great disservice. Nevertheless, here we are.

About two years ago I started flirting with Node.js for a project I started working on. What I wanted was to have things written in a language that is widely used, and we could get additional developers for. As much as Golang is amazing it's really hard to get developers for it. Even now. And after playing around with it for a week I felt in love with the speed of iteration and massive package ecosystem. Do you want SSO? You got it! Do you want some esoteric library for something? There is a strong chance somebody wrote it. It is so extensive that you find yourself evaluating packages based on GitHub stars and number of contributors. You get swallowed by the vanity metrics and that potentially will become the downfall of Node.js.

Because of the sheer amount of choice I often got anxiety when choosing libraries. Will I choose the correct one? Is this library something that will be supported for a foreseeable future or not? I am used of using libraries that are being in development for 10 years plus (Python, C) and that gave me some sort of comfort. And it is probably unfair to Node.js and community to expect same dedication.

Moving forward ... Work started and things were great. Speed of iteration was insane. For some feature that I would need a day in Golang only took me hour or two. I became lazy! Using packages all over the place. Falling into the same trap as others. Packages on top of packages. And npm didn't help at all. The way that the package manager works is just horrendous. And not allowing to have node_modules outside the project is also the stupidest idea ever.

So at that point I started feeling the technical debt that comes with Node.js and the whole ecosystem. What nobody tells you is that structuring large Node.js apps is more problematic than one would think. And going microservice for every single thing is also a bad idea. The amount of networking you introduce with that approach always ends up being a pain in the ass. And I don't even want to go into system administration here. The overhead is insane. Package-lock.json made many days feel like living hell for me. And I would eat the cost of all this if it meant for better development experience. Well, it didn't.

The lack of Typescript support in the interpreter is still mind boggling to me. Why haven't they added native support yet for this is beyond me?! That would have solved so many problems. Lack of type safety became a problem somewhere in the middle of the project where the codebase was sufficiently large enough to present problems. We started adding arguments to functions and there was no way to implicitly define argument types. And because at that point there were a lot of functions, it became impossible to know what each one accepts, development became more and more trial and error based.

I tried implementing Typescript, but that would present a large refactor that we were not willing to do at that point. The benefits were not enough. I also tried Flow - static type checker but implementation was also horrible. What Typescript and Flow forces you is to have src folder and then transpile your code into dist folder and run it with node. WTH is that all about. Why can't this be done in memory or some virtual file system? Why? I see no reason why this couldn't be done like this. But it is what it is. I abandoned all hope for static type checking.

One of the problems that resulted from not having interfaces or types was inability to model out our data from Elasticsearch. I could have done a pedestrian implementation of it, but there must be a better way of doing this without resorting to some hack basically. Or maybe I haven't found a solution, which is also a possibility. I have looked, though. No juice!

Error handling? Is that a joke?

Thank god for await/async. Without it, I would have probably just abandoned the whole thing and went with something else like Python. That's all I am going to say about this :)

I started asking myself a question if Node.js is actually ready to be used in a large scale applications? And this was a totally wrong question. What I should have been asking myself was, how to use Node.js in large scale application. And you don't get this in marketing material for Express or Koa etc. They never tell you this. Making Node.js scale on infrastructure or in codebase is really more of an art than a science. And just like with the whole JavaScript ecosystem:

  • impossible to master,
  • half of your time you work on your tooling,
  • just accept transpilers that convert one code into another (holly smokes),
  • error handling is a joke,
  • standards? What standards?

But on the other hand. As I did, you will also learn to love it. Learn to use it quickly and do impossible things in crazy limited time.

I hate to admit it. But I love Node.js. Dammit, I love it :)

2023 Update: I hate Node.js!